TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 5

2.0 Structural Design .............................................................................................................................................. 6

2.1 External ConfiguratioN ................................................................................................................................ 6

2.2 Master Plan of the Residential Area ............................................................................................................. 9

2.3 Construction Phases ...................................................................................................................................... 9

2.4 Business Functions of the Modules ............................................................................................................ 11

2.5 Migration of Functions ............................................................................................................................... 11

3.0 Operations and Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................... 12

3.1 Location and Materials Sources .................................................................................................................. 12

3.2 Community Infrastructure .......................................................................................................................... 13

3.2.1 Water Management .............................................................................................................................. 13

3.2.2 CASSSC Repurposing ......................................................................................................................... 14

3.2.3 Electrical REQUIREMENTS & Power Generation ............................................................................ 14

3.2.4 Air Composition and Day and Night Cycles ....................................................................................... 16

3.2.5 Communication Systems ..................................................................................................................... 17

3.2.5 Transportation ...................................................................................................................................... 18

3.2.6 Waste Management ............................................................................................................................. 19

3.2.7 Agriculture ........................................................................................................................................... 20

3.3 Construction Machinery ............................................................................................................................ 24

3.4 Corresponding to SOW paragraphs ............................................................................................................ 24

4.0 Human Factors and Safety ....................................................................................................................... 25

4.1 Utility Routings .......................................................................................................................................... 25

4.2 RESIDENTIAL DESIGNS ........................................................................................................................ 26

4.3 Safety Systems ............................................................................................................................................ 27

4.3.1 Security ................................................................................................................................................ 27

4.3.2 Evacuation ........................................................................................................................................... 27

4.3.4 SpacesuitS ............................................................................................................................................ 27

4.4 Floor Plans of Public Areas ........................................................................................................................ 28

4.5 Population Allocation ................................................................................................................................. 28

5.0 Automation Design and Services .................................................................................................................... 30

5.1 Construction Automation ........................................................................................................................... 30

5.1.1 ECR - External Construction Robot .................................................................................................... 30

5.1.2 ICR - Internal Construction Robot .................................................................................................. 30

5.1.3 IFR - Internal Furnishing Robot ..................................................................................................... 30

5.2 Automation Systems For Settlement ......................................................................................................... 31

5.2.2 JIG SYSTEMS.................................................................................................................................... 31

5.2.3 Human Intervention during Emergency and Alerts ............................................................................. 32

5.2.4 CONTROL CENTRES ........................................................................................................................ 32

5.2.5 Access Levels ...................................................................................................................................... 33

5.3 COMMUNITY AUTOMATION ............................................................................................................... 33

5.3.1 Community Automation Table ............................................................................................................ 33

5.3.2 Encryption and Privacy of Data ........................................................................................................... 34

5.3.3 Data Redundancy ................................................................................................................................. 34

5.3.4 Network Diagram ................................................................................................................................ 35

5.3.5 Server Specifications ........................................................................................................................... 35

5.4 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................... 35

5.5 Computing Centres & Communication ...................................................................................................... 36

5.5.1 Computing Centre ................................................................................................................................ 36

5.5.2 Intercompany/ Intracompany and Corporate Communication ............................................................. 36

6.0 SCHEDULE AND COST ........................................................................................................................... 36

6.0.1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE ................................................................................ 36

6.0.2 cost ....................................................................................................................................................... 38

7.0 Business Development ............................................................................................................................ 39

7.1 Port Facilities ...................................................................................................................................... 39

Security ......................................................................................................................................................... 42

Customs ........................................................................................................................................................ 42

7.2 Revenue from Port Facilities ............................................................................................................... 42

Storing .......................................................................................................................................................... 42

Embassies ..................................................................................................................................................... 42

7.3 Banking ............................................................................................................................................... 42

Stock Exchange ................................................................................................................................................ 43

0g Recreational Activities ................................................................................................................................. 43

7.4 law and governance .................................................................................................................................... 43

7.3.1 Law ................................................................................................................................................. 43

7.3.2 Governance ..................................................................................................................................... 44

7.3.3 Tax .................................................................................................................................................. 44

7.4.4 Garrison and Police .............................................................................................................................. 44

Appendix A: Batches ............................................................................................................................................ 45

Appendix B: References ....................................................................................................................................... 49

Appendix C: COMPLIANCE MATRIX .............................................................................................................. 49

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Fig. 1.0.1 Exterior View Columbiat, Arinjay G and Sharvil S on Blender

Fig 1.0.2 Exterior View Columbiat ; Arinjya G and sharvil on Blender

2.0 STRUCTURAL DESIGN

2.1 EXTERNAL CONFIGURATION

2.1.1 Main Structures

1. Port and Residential (Module 1): The central cylinder of this

module is enlarged and modified to serve as a 24/7 operating port

facility capable of serving ships in different time zones. It can act

as a crossroads in orbit and handle cargo storage and handling.

This module's habitation and agricultural torus host all life on Co-

lumbiat.

Fig 2.1.0 Made by Arinjay. G on Blender

2. Governance and Military (Module 2): This module's Law and

Governance Torus is a central hub for maintaining law and order in

Columbiat. The central cylinder can store military items and act as

a garrison and weapon storage.

Fig. 2.1.1 Made by Arinjay.G and Sharvil.S on Blender

3. Commercial and Tourism (Module 3): Commercial tourism in

this module generates revenue and fosters collaborations and busi-

ness ventures. The tourism portion of this module provides an area

for visitors to engage in recreational activities. The standout feature

of this module is the transparent dome that allows for an unob-

structed view

Fig 2.1.2 Made by Arinjay Ghosh and Sharvil.S on Blender

2.1.2 Common Structural Components

Refer to Fig. 1.0.1 Exterior View Columbiat, Arinjay G and Sharvil S on Blender

1. Gravitational Thrusters: Located along the torus of each module, the gravitational thrusters are fueled by

internal reserves and use the structure's rotation to provide gravity.

2. Transportation Spokes: As a testament to our meticulous planning, these spokes act as a network for trans-

porting humans and cargo. They efficiently connect different sectors of the torus, ensuring smooth move-

ment of necessities such as water, waste management, and electrical systems. Common Docking Ring: A

ring-like cylinder found on all modules, the common docking ring has docking ports arranged for efficient

inter-modular transport and 0g docking.

3. Docking System: The docking system in this structure uses a tug-like system to extend forward onto the re-

ceiving docking and uses hooks to hold it stably.

4. Solar Panels: Individual origami hexagonal solar panels unfold after travel to form the primary energy gen-

eration system of Columbiat.

5. Radiators: As a crucial part of our safety measures, aluminum radiators are present on every module. They

serve as an essential protection system, ensuring the total safety of all life and systems at Columbiat.

Pressurized Volumes

Non-Pressurized Volumes

All Tori

Docking Ports

Pot Cylinder

Military Storage

Tourism Dome

Table 2.1.4.1

Fig. 2.1.4.2 By Sharvil S and Arinjay G on Blender Fig. 2.1.4.3 By Sharvil S and Arinjay G on blender

Fig 2.1.5 Material Configuration Made by Arnav J and Bhaumik P on Canva

Hull Composition-

Layers: outer to

inner

MaterialsFig.

Thickness

Source

Meteorite

shielding

Barium Titanate (BaTiO3)

Carbon fibre

40 cm 40 cm

Earth

Subcontractor-Carbon Creations

Structural build

Thermal Silicon Bucky Structures

70 cm

Subcontractor -BuckyBreakthroughs

Radiation pro-

tection

Graphene

50cm

Earth

Structural build

Thermal Silicon Bucky Structures

70cm

Subcontractor -BuckyBreakthroughs

Insulation

Silicon Bucky Structures

50cm

Subcontractor -BuckyBreakthroughs

Structural build

Thermal Silicon Bucky Structures

70cm

Subcontractor -BuckyBreakthroughs

Adhesive

Epoxy and Ceramic Adhesives

30cm ( each layer )

Total thickness

570cm

Table 2.1.5.1

Adhesive of 30cm will be used between each layer.

Fig 2.1.5.2:- Window configuration by Bhaumik P on Canva

Window Specifications: Windows will be made of Silicon Bucky Stuctures and Lead

Material

Thickness

Source

Barium Titanate

50cm

Earth

Boron Nitride nanotubes

70cm

Earth

Silicon BuckyStructures

50cm

Subcontractor:- Bucky Breakthroughs

Stainless steel foam

50cm

Earth

Polyamide nano aerogel

40cm

Earth

Aluminium oxide glass

40cm

Earth

Boron Nitride nanotubes

30cm

Earth

Silicon BuckyStructures

30cm

Subcontractor - Bucky Breakthrough

Adhesive

30cm (each layer)

Total Thickness

570cm

Table 2.1.5.3: Window Specifications.

Vertical Clearance:

Fig 2.1.5.5 Vertical Clearance. By Aaryaman Deshmukh on Canva.

Note:- All residential areas will have a maximum building height of

50m and a vertical clearance of 30m

2.2 MASTER PLAN OF THE RESIDENTIAL AREA

Fig 2.2.1 - Residential Design by Ananya Phanse on MS Paint

2.3 CONSTRUCTION PHASES

The total construction time needed is 18 years.

The subcontractors mainly used to provide basic habitational capabilitie on the settlement are:

● The subcontractor Stuff of Life will provide liquid air and regulate the amount of nitrogen in the air.

● The subcontractor Clean Up Your Act will also aid in the replenishment of other gasses in the air.

● Fractional distillation will be done in every torus.

● Thermal regulation at 20–23 °c using a thermal control system and with the help of radiators’.

● Humidity regulation at 30–50% using ultrasonic and impeller dehumidifiers.

● Pressure regulation at 1 atm using pneumatic pressure regulators.

MODULE - 1 (Residential)

Table 2.3.1 - Made by Arinjay G, Sharvil S on Blender and Google Docs

1. Central Axis & Storage Area

2. Solar Panels & Docking Ports

3. Spokes

4. Module Complete (Torus, Radiators

Added)

MODULE - 2 (Military)

Table 2.3.2 - Made by Arinjay G, Sharvil S on Blender and Google Docs

1. Central Axis, Solar Panels

2. Docking ports

3. Spokes

4. Module Complete Torus, Radiators

MODULE - 3 (Tourism)

Table 2.3.3 - Made by Arinjay G, Sharvil S on Blender and Google Docs

1. Central Axis

2. Spokes

3. Torus Added, Radiators Added

4. Settlement Complete

2.4 BUSINESS FUNCTIONS OF THE MODULES

● The torus in Module 1 is equipped to house all living matter on Columbiat, including agriculture, habitation,

and transportation for the three structures.

● This module is a transportation hub that provides external docking and other port services. It is responsible

for repairing, refueling, storing, and transiting cargo and passengers.

● Terminal facilities will be located in this module and act as Columbiat's central receiving unit.

● The second module serves as the commercial hub in space, featuring office spaces for the operation of busi-

nesses in space.

● All industrial and manufacturing units will be housed in this module.

● A public stock market will be established allowing companies to go public and grow.

● This module will also center on all tourism and recreational activities at Columbiat.

● The third module will be the administrative center of the settlement and will serve as the workspace for the

administrative body.

● This module will resolve all legal disputes.

● It also has space to act as a garrison and will house weapons for the United States.

2.5 MIGRATION OF FUNCTIONS

The construction of Columbiat is completed with the construction of Module 1. This module will contain resi-

dential spaces, too. After completing the Port module, the one-third of the population will be introduced to Co-

lumbiat. Revenue will be generated at the beginning of import and export duties. Docking and cargo-handling

will begin and revenue will be generated. A temporary administrative system and court will be set up until all

three modules are complete. A banking and insurance system will be set up to start with one of its significant

functions.

The construction of Module 2 will follow the completion of Module 1. After the completion of this module,

tourism will start, and the docking facilities situated on this module will also begin. All people working at the

tourism module will have the space shuttle starting from the port module. A permanent banking and insurance

process will be set up in the module. A stock exchange will be set up. Another revenue-generating source is

added due to the start of tourism. Office spaces will also be added and companies will move in to Colum-

biat.Two-third of the population will be present at this time.

The construction of Module 3 will follow the construction of module 2. Soldiers will move in and the garrison

will be set up. Military equipment will also be brought to columbiat. Courts and Columbiat governance offices

will be set up creating a permanent governance and legal system replacing the temporary one. The full popula-

tion will move into Columbiat as all module are complete. Columbiat will function to its full potential.

3.0 OPERATIONS AND INFRASTRUCTURE

3.1 LOCATION AND MATERIALS SOURCES

Fig 3.1.1 Location and orientation by Kshitij Joshi on Canva.

Orbiting at the Earth-Moon L-4 Lagrange point, lies Columbiat. Three modules, each serving a specific func-

tion, are seamlessly connected by an internal shuttle service,

Material

Reasoning

Source

Quantity

Barium Titanate

Ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric,

exhibits photo refractive effects

Earth

3114.88 m

Carbon fiber

High tensile strength, high stiffness, high

melting point, thermal stability

subcontractor - Carbon

Creations

3114.88 m

Graphene

Lightweight, high tensile strength, EM radi-

ation proof

Earth

3893.61 m

Table 3.1.1 Materials, By Bhaumik P, on Google Docs

3.2 COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE

3.2.1 WATER MANAGEMENT

Table 3.2.1.1 By Kabir B, On Google Docs

● Water is stored in underground storage units(made of repurposed CASSSCs which are sealed and coated

with laminates).

● The water will be stored in tanks made of high-strength steel with a composite water storage liner.

● Multi-stage filtration and purification systems ensure water quality for all uses.

● The settlement will be equipped with dedicated water circulation pumps to maintain a constant water level

and pressure.

COMMODES

will have suction-based flushing systems, like in aeroplanes. An organic liquid disinfectant will aid the suction

system. The storage tank will be located in a place with 3-4 PSI. A flap will be located below the toilet, opening

upon flushing. Upon the storage tanks reaching near maximum capacity, the waste will be sent for recycling.

BATHING

Columbiat will use mist baths instead of traditional showers. Mist baths have various health benefits, such as

lowering blood pressure, reducing joint stiffness, removing toxins, reducing stress, and opening sinuses, leading

to a reduced risk of ailments on the settlement. Cleaning solutions will be misted along with steam to improve

the cleaning performance.

STEAM

● The temperature of the mist bath will be regulated according to the resident’s requirements.

● The bath will switch off automatically after 5 minutes.

The water from this unit will be collected and recycled with the other wastewater.

Hygiene

● Sanitary waste - 2 menstrual cups provided per woman

Silicon Bucky Structure

Insulation properties, electrical conductiv-

ity

Subcontractor -

BuckyBreakthroughs

20246.772

Aspect

Method

Source

Subcontracted to Stuff of Life

Requirement

1,914,440 gallons per day

Treatment

Subcontracted to Clean Up Your Act to recycle water;

Waste Products to install sewer lines

Storage

765,780 gallons

Initial No. of CASSSCs

395

● UV lamp for disinfection per room

● The intermediate-level Disinfection liquid provided is formaldehyde - 10%; Isopropyl and ethyl alcohol

(dilute with water) - 75%; and Hydrogen peroxide - 15%.

3.2.2 CASSSC REPURPOSING

Part - 1(Using the CASSSCs for the Tram and its compartments)

● Room 1 : A CASSSC with a fibre laser at the top will be moved into this room. It will be located on a plat-

form that moves from side to side, cutting the top sheet to a specified thickness. The remaining part of the

CASSSC will be pushed up a certain height, and the same process will continue. Each time, you will get

two CASSSCs of identical dimensions.

• Room 2: The newly cut sheet will be pushed to a new room and lie flat, where it will be cut vertically to

give it a specific width. This will be done by another fibre laser situated on a gantry above the CASSSC.

Part - 2(Using the CASSSCs for 3D printing)

Some cut parts of CASSSCs will be given to 3D Logistics, who will use them as feedstock for 3D printing on

ships. This will eliminate the need for tools/spare parts onboard, as the required parts can be printed if needed.

CASSSCS will also be coated with a waterproof laminate to be used as underground storage units for water

3.2.3 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS & POWER GENERATION

Energy Requirements

Table 3.2.3.1 Energy requirements, By Kshitij Joshi , Google Doc

*note that these numbers are subject to 10% variation

CATEGORY

SUBCATEGORY

REQUIREMENT (MWH per day)

Life supporting systems

Air Revitalization

300

Water Purification

200

Waste Management

125

Transport Systems

24300

Residential Spaces

1bhk

2bhk

70.2

3bhk

4bhk

Studio apartment

28.8

Public places

Each Restaurant

0.14

Each hotel

7.2

Each cafe

0.104

Electrical Power Generation

Fig 3.2.3.2 Origami Panels by Aarav Jain on Blender

*Note that these are the individual panels that unfurl and fold for transport to save space

Primary Generation: Photovoltaic Cells

● 300W rated solar panels will be used.

● 24h of sunlight will be available daily.

● Hence, one panel will produce 0.3kW * 24h= 7.2kWh daily,

● To produce a total of about 26000 kWh approx 3700 solar panels will be needed.

● Each solar panel covers an area of approximately 1.5m^2.

● Hence, the total area of solar panels will be 1.5*3700 = 5550m^2,

● An extra 1000m^2 of solar cells are also used,producing a surplus of approx. 5000kwH daily.

● Columbiat will use solar panels as their primary method of electrical power generation.

● The solar panels will be octagonal or hexagonal. For more accessible transportation and to manipu-

late their shape quickly, they will be equipped to fold like origami paper around a central point.

All entertainment

Sports hub

0.6

hospital

1.2

school

0.1

Emergency room

0.14

clinics

0.264

supermarket

0.4

donning/doffing

0.2

shops

0.72

Police station

0.066

Communication & Data

High-bandwidth Transmissions

125

Other

Habitation

200

Manufacturing

125

Personal Gadgets

Total Estimated

25,715.13

● These will be located on top of the modules(Port and Military) or below the module(Tourism)

● They will cover a total area of 6507.5m^2 to power the entire settlement.

● Any surplus energy produced will be stored in Solid-State Batteries (this is an emerging technol-

ogy which is potentially very suitable with many advantages over Lithium-ion batteries)

● Subcontractors used will be -

o Zap Industries! - Wire harnesses for power distribution

o Light works - Reflect sunlight and concentrate beams on the solar panels.

o ElectroProtect - For insulating circuitry.

Backup Energy Source - Hydrogen Fuel Cells

● Stuff of Life will be subcontracted to provide water.

● The water will be split into Hydrogen and Oxygen using

hydrolysis.

● The hydrogen and oxygen are fed into the fuel cell, which

reacts electrochemically to produce electricity, water, and

heat. This reaction is highly efficient and produces minimal

waste products.

● 1kg of hydrogen will produce around 16.65kWh of en-

ergy.

Fig 3.2.3.3 Hydrogen Fuel Cell. Credit Ujwal Zore’s publication.

3.2.4 AIR COMPOSITION AND DAY AND NIGHT CYCLES

The atmosphere in the settlement will be 75% of what is present on the Earth’s surface. The air compo-

sition will be

Gases

Percentage

Nitrogen

70.95%

Oxygen

28%

Carbon Dioxide

0.05%

Others (Argon, Hydrogen, Helium, and Neon (0.25%))

Table 3.2.4.1, by Bhaumik P, on Google Docs

● In agricultural areas, the percentage of carbon dioxide and the humidity will be slightly higher.

● In docking areas, Columbiat will avoid all moisture.

● Columbiat will enlist the services of subcontractor Stuff of Life to provide artificially synthesized air,

encompassing all vital gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide. As a precautionary measure, Co-

lumbiat will store surplus oxygen generated through photosynthesis by plants. In the event of an im-

balance in the composition of the synthetic air, Clean Up Your Act will be engaged for air revitaliza-

tion.

● Initially, the settlement will need around 360 CASSSCs of gases for the atmosphere.

● The settlement's relative humidity will be 35 to 40 percent. Columbiat will use dehumidifiers and hu-

midifiers to maintain this humidity.

● The research labs in the settlement will be able to vary humidity and gas composition as needed. Stuff

of Life will help them do this during their air supply.

● The settlement will maintain a temperature range of 23 to 27°C, with daytime temperatures falling

between 25°C and 27°C and nighttime temperatures between 23 and 25°C. Residents can customize

this for their living spaces.

● Each house will have a thermostat, with which the residents can change the temperature settings ac-

cording to their convenience. Residents. If the temperature rises or falls beyond a certain level due to

a malfunction, the thermostat will detect the change and restore the area to the default temperature

settings.

● Radiators present outside the settlement will help eliminate excess heat and help regulate the tempera-

ture in the settlement.

● The circadian rhythm is like our internal clock, regulated by exposure to light, which tells us when to

be awake or asleep. It is almost the same for everyone; however, to cater to their needs, a user will be

able to adjust the intensity of the light according to their needs.

● Fluorescent bulbs and LEDs are energy-efficient but emit blue light, which can disrupt sleep by re-

ducing melatonin. To address this, LED fixtures will have two settings:

1. Normal light for work.

2. Low-intensity blue light to promote sleep.

● These environments seek to enhance circadian cycles and sleep while reducing blue light expo-

sure at night and increasing output.

3.2.5 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Internal Communication:

Lifi-based calling and messaging will be enabled on the settlement.

Lifi modulators will be placed throughout the settlement, each with a range of 150 feet for constant connec-

tion.

Two to three Lifi modulators with a 60-foot range will be installed in each room. Using Lifi instead of Wi-Fi

is also more efficient because it is faster, and because light does not pass through walls, intercepting Lifi from

other rooms is impossible, providing a secure connection.

Personal Communication Device: SIMBA

Fig. 3.2.4.2, Personal communication device by Kabir B, On Canva

External Communication

Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) will be used for external communication to and from Earth.

Considering the distance and data rate, a signal between 60 to 80 watts will be generated. A crystal oscillator

will be used, which helps to perfectly tune the specific frequency of the laser so that the data encoded on the

light remains clear and intelligible when it reaches the relay satellite.

Placement of Relay Satellites: Low Earth Orbit.

Columbiat will send and receive data using radio waves in case of optical communications failure. Columbiat

will use the antenna provided by the subcontractor, OrbitLink Communications.

To ensure that there will be no blind spots in communication between Columbiat and Earth, a network of base

station sites will be established to provide a continuous connectivity link. These base station sites will be located

at 6 locations, roughly equidistant from each other. They are-

1. Goldstone, California (35°25’N, 116°53’W)

2. Madrid, Spain (40°25’N, 3°42’W)

3. Cairns, Queensland, Australia (16°52’S,145°42'E)

4. Cape Town, South Africa (33°55’S, 18°25’E)

5. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°54’S, 43°10’W)

6. Bangalore, India (12°58’N, 77°35’E)

Fig. 3.2.4.3 External communication By Kabir B, On Canva

3.2.5 TRANSPORTATION

Modular transport

● For transport between each base, there will be a shuttle powered by the fuel produced by Carbon Crea-

tions.

● Each base will have 3 shuttles, 2 of which will be in daily use and 1 smaller one, which will be used in

the case of an emergency.

● Each shuttle will have 250 passengers plus cargo capacity, which will have to be transported from place

to place.

● The shuttle will have two floors. One floor will only be occupied by 60% of the passengers, and the

other floor will have an area for storing the transported goods and the remaining passengers.

● Each shuttle will take around 1 hour to travel from one place to another. After each trip, the shuttle will

take 20 minutes to unload, clean, board, and refuel (every third trip).

Fig 3.2.5.1 intermodular &extramodular shuttle By Arinjay G on Blender

Internal Transport

Personal:

- Each resident will be provided with a unique

pair of shoes which can increase their speed

of walking

- They will have 4 retractable wheels, which,

when needed, can increase a person's walking

speed from 5 kmph to 12 - 15 kmph without

any required skill.

- Using a gyroscopic sensor, the shoes will

adjust their speed using a built-in gyroscopic sensor, speeding up when you run and slowing down when you

walk.

Fig 3.2.5.2 Credit Gadget Flow Fig 3.2.5.3,Tram system By Aakash Zite, On Fusion360

Public:

● Each base will have two tram systems running around them.

● They each will have a capacity of 150 people.

● They will complete a round of the base every other hour.

● They will also provide for the attachment of CASSSCs for their transport throughout the base.

● They, too, will be made out of repurposed CASSSCs.

3.2.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT

• All the waste will be moved throughout the settlement through airtight pipes.

• Waste Products will convert the biological waste into fertilisers(for plants) and water. Carbon Creations will

use some of the byproducts to produce fuel as a backup power source.

• Household waste will be converted into water through the Clean Up Your Act.

• Toss It To Me will convert industrial waste into feedstock for 3D printers for 3D Logistics (which can be

used to fix/replace parts on shuttles without having to carry tools and spare parts along with them). Carbon

Creations will use some of the byproducts to form fuel as a backup power source.

Agricultural waste

Wheat straw will be used to produce textiles, forming a sustainable fashion industry. With the help of advanced

technology, wheat straw, along with any other cellulosic biomass, will be converted to cloth material. All

waste straw or any other cellulose, lignin-based material will be used to make packaging materials and bioplas-

tics.

Fig 3.2.6.1 Waste management By Parthiv G, On Canva Fig 3.2.7.1 Fogponic system By Aakash Zite, On Fusion 360

3.2.7 AGRICULTURE

Columbiat will grow crops using a Fogponic system. This technology produces a high yield with less space. Co-

lumbiat will also use Vertical farming to produce higher crop yields per square foot.

A lot of water is lost during transpiration. This water will be collected with dehumidifiers, purified, and reused

in production, maintaining the optimal humidity inside at 60-70%. Approximately 67.20705 hectares of land

will be utilised.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is primarily a genetic engineering technique used to introduce foreign

genes into plant DNA. Columbiat will grow this bacterium in our Genetics and Research lab and use it to obtain

desired varieties.

Two wavelengths of light—blue, 372 nm, and red, 626 nm — are used in the agricultural torus to enhance crop

growth.

The subcontractor, Waste Products, converts human waste into water and fertiliser with a rich phosphorus con-

tent. This fertiliser will be dissolved in the water used in the fogponics system, making it nutrient-rich for the

plants to grow.

Crop name

Nutrition

Calories

(per 100g)

Require-

ment per

month (in

tonnes)

Yield

(Tonnes/

Hect are)

Area re-

quired (hec-

tares)

Apple

Vita mins C, E, fiber, antioxidant, polyphenols

37.5

3.125

Banana

Potassium, Vitamins B6, C, fibre, manganese

150

1.6

Chilli

Vitamins C, K1, B6, A, potassium, copper

101

5.55

0.56

Capsicum

Vitamins C, B6, K1, E, A, potassium, folate

23.25

0.8

Radish

Calcium, potassium, antioxidants, natural nitrates

0.003

0.00025

Sweet Potato

High protein, starchy, vitamins A, C, manganese,

anti-cancer properties

195

Beetroot

Fibre, folate, manganese, potassium, iron, vitamin C

204

10.2

Broccoli

Calcium, Iron, Phosphorous, Potassium, Zinc, Thiamin,

Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamins A, B6, E, and K

Folate

21.5

Lettuce

Calcium, potassium, high water content, antioxidants

58.26

5.3

Cauliflower

Vitamins C, K, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Pantothenic

Acid, folate

Peas

Vitamins C, A, E, B, zinc, antioxidants

33.6

8.4

Soybean

Potassium, high protein, carbohydrate

446

52.5

26.3

Peanut

High protein, fat, fiber, vitamin E, folate, magnesium,

copper

567

111

1.5

Oats

Fibre, antioxidants, vitamin E, zinc, iron, copper,

manganese

389

375

Sahbhagi

Dhan (rice)

Carbohydrates, Fibres, Fats, Proteins

130

256.5

4.5

HB4 wheat

carbohydrate, proteins, fiber, vitamins, minerals, phyto-

chemicals

329

207.475

2.86

72.6

Sweet Corn

High fiber, antioxidant, sodium, potassium, protein

3.5

17.2

Table 3.2.7.2

Algae and Fungi

Algae and fungi are essential to a healthy diet, offering a wealth of nutrients, culinary versatility, and potential

medicinal applications. They are rich sources of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants and can be incorporated

into various culinary forms. Research is ongoing to explore their therapeutic potential and environmental bene-

fits.

Requirement per month (in tonnes) - 5.25. | Area required (hectares) - 6.95

Type

Nutrients

Benefits

Spirulina

Protein, iron, vitamin

B12

Immunity booster reduces fatigue, improves cognitive function

Chlorella

Protein, vitamin C,

omega-3 fatty acids

Supports detoxification, improves heart health, reduces inflam-

mation

Seaweed

Iodine, vitamins A, C,

and K, fiber

Supports thyroid function, improves bone health, promotes di-

gestive health

Shiitake mushrooms

Vitamin D, B vita-

mins, copper

Boosts the immune system, reduces inflammation, supports

heart health

Oyster mushrooms

Vitamin B2, niacin,

potassium

Supports cell growth and repair, maintains healthy skin and mu-

cous membranes, regulates blood pressure

Lion's mane mush-

rooms

Ergothioneine, beta-

glucans

Improves cognitive function, reduces inflammation, protects

against nerve damage

Reishi mushrooms

Polysaccharides, triter-

penes

Reduces stress and anxiety, improves sleep quality, supports

liver function

Chaga mushrooms

Betulinic acid, poly-

phenols

Boosts the immune system, reduces inflammation, protects

against cancer

Cordyceps mush-

rooms

Cordycepin, polysac-

charides

Enhances athletic performance, improves respiratory health,

supports kidney function

Table 3.2.7.3

Stevia

Carbohydrates, An alternative to Sugar, zero calories

3.25

329.08525

hectares

Crops have been grouped into sectors as follows.

Sector 1

Sector 2

Sector 3

Sector 4

Sector 5

Sector 6

Sector 7

Sector 8

Sector 9

Sector 10

Meat Poultry will be manufactured using 3D print cell technology. These will be grown in a specialized hermet-

ically sealed sector beside the agricultural areas to avoid cross-contamination and maintain hygiene while avoid-

ing a separate logistics system. Each Sector on the first floor will have 20 agricultural robots.

After harvesting, these robots will take the food to the Conveyor belts, which will then take the food to the

ground floor. Foodstuffs will then be sterilised using UV rays and water jets containing a saline sanitising solu-

tion to ensure total hygiene. All of this

water will be recycled. Peanuts, stevia,

wheat, oats, and rice will be refined to

their respective units. Peanuts will be

used to make oil. Stevia will be used as

sugar. Oats will be used to make oat

milk, and wheat will be used as flour.

Then, all the crops will be taken to the

ground floor. CASSSCS will be Fig

3.2.7.2, Top Floor, By Atharva Singh

on Canva

modified and used as machinery parts

in the oil, Sugar processing, Wheat,

Rice, Oat, and Milk units. Around 35

CASSSCS will be used for the same.

Dairy

Oat milk will be used to make dairy products such as cheese, yoghurt, and cottage cheese. Once ready, these

products will move to the packaging unit.

Recycling unit

Fig3.2.7.4 by Kshitij Joshi on Canva

Fig 3.2.7.5, By Atharva Singh

on Canva

Wheat straw will be used to produce textiles, forming a sustainable fashion industry. With the help of advanced

technology, wheat straw and any other cellulosic biomass will be converted to cloth material.

Fig 3.2.7.3, Sector Layout, By Atharva Singh, on Canva

All waste straw or any other cellulose, lignin-based material will be used to make packaging materials and bio-

plastics.

Packaging Unit

● Crops from each Sector arrive at the Packaging unit.

● Crops will be segregated into their respective Sectors.

● Utility bots, along with packaging machinery- pack all the food into the desired form of packaging.

● The foodstuff will be placed from the conveyor belts into special sealed, pressurised and sanitised

CASSSCs.

● CASSSCs are taken to the Hangar and transported.

3.3 CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY

Fig 3.3.1, Assembly Jig, Aakash Z,

Fusion 360

Assembly jig can hold support and lo-

cate the workpiece to guide one or

more tools or process operations

Fig 3.3.2 Clamp Jig, Aakash Z, Fu-

sion 360

Clamp jigs hold panel(s) together to

perform operations on different

parts during construction.

3.4 CORRESPONDING TO SOW PARAGRAPHS

Batches of individuals will be transferred to Module 1.

Only transitional individuals will be on the docki+ng port. The tourist module will be developed as soon as it is

operational. Until then, all persons involved with it will live in the main village. Finally, until the government

module is operational, the individuals involved will live in the residential arc. The following facilities will be

accessible to each planned business tenant when they relocate to Columbiat and begin operations there.

4.0 HUMAN FACTORS AND SAFETY

4.1 UTILITY ROUTINGS

Fig. 4.1.2 Utility Routings, By kabir buttee, On Canva

Table 4.1.2

Part of the Settlement

Area Required

Agricultural Sector

400 hectares

Waste Management Sector

Will be specified by subcontractor

Water Recycling Unit

Will be specified by subcontractor

Residential Spaces

Public Spaces (Including hotels, restaurants, cafe)

Automation Parking

73,500 + 1,00,791 +

Control Centres

41.8 m^2

4.2 RESIDENTIAL DESIGNS

Fig 4.2.2 Fig 4.2.1 Residential Floor Plans by Ananya Phanse on Cooho

Studio Apartment, 500 sq ft

1 BHK, 800 sq ft

Comfort 2BHK, 800 sq ft

Compact 2BHK, 1040 sq ft

3BHK, 1200 sq ft

4.3 SAFETY SYSTEMS

4.3.1 SECURITY

Smoke detectors are placed at 15m intervals, and fire alarms at 10m intervals. If activated, an alert will be sent

to each resident and tourist’s Simba. Depending on the sector, a holographic projection will guide them to the

nearest exit. Emergency lighting strips will also guide them to the nearest exit.

In evacuation, subcontractor Extreme Survival Technologies will be subcontracted to manufacture pods, which

will be used for emergency shelter until the debris is cleared and repairs are made.

If a secluded area is affected, the entire sector will be sealed from the other three using airlocks supplied by

Lossless Airlocks for bots to make repairs and clear debris.

Fire escape and evacuation plans will be revised for the tourists and residents every six months.

To ensure that the tourists on Columbiat do not interfere with the lives of permanent residents, the Simba given

to them will not have the same features as that given to residents. Tourists’ Simbas will have fewer features,

such as restricted access to certain areas, leaving the same safety and alarm systems.

4.3.2 EVACUATION

Smoke detectors and fire alarms will be placed at 15m and 10m intervals, respectively. Once activated, an alert

will be sent to the bracelet, and holographic projections will lead the residents to the nearest exit. Emergency

lighting strips on the floor will also guide citizens to the exit. Each of the four sectors of the residential torus on

Columbiat will have an exit with an airlocked door.

Extreme Survival Technologies will be subcontracted to manufacture emergency shelter pods for the residents

and tourists in case of evacuation.

In addition, the emergency protocol will be taught and revised every six months for the residents and tourists of

Columbiat.

4.3.4 SPACESUITS

EVA suit Components:

COMPONENT

LOCATION

FUNCTION

MAG (maximum absorption gar-

ment)

innermost

absorbs urine and feces for EVA

activity

LCVG (liquid cooling ventilation

garment)

outside MAG

maintains body temperature

BSC (body seal closure)

outside LCVG

connects upper torso to lower

body

total spacesuit number - 51,000

Table 4.3..4.1

Spacesuit materials

The outer layer will be ortho-fabric, which is fire resistant and provides abrasion protection and protection against micrometeor-

oids. The inner layers will comprise multiple layers of mylar and polyethene, which provide insulation and protection from temper-

ature extremes.

Bots will repair the settlement externally and then repurpose it. Each resident and tourist inside the settlement will have a dosime-

ter built into their bracelet, which will alert them if the balance is disturbed.

Gloves, helmets, visors and boots were manufactured by the subcontractor 3D Logistics Spacesuit.

Body manufactured by subcontractor Lunar Adventures.

Assembled and imported to Columbiat.

4.4 FLOOR PLANS OF PUBLIC AREAS

Fig 4.4.1, Cafe, By Anushka T on Coohom

Fig 4.4.2, Restaurant, By Anushka T on Coohom

Fig 4.4.3, Hotel Room – 500 sq ft, By Anushka T on Coohom

Fig 4.4.2, Hotel Suite – 1000 sq ft, By Anushka T on Cooho

4.5 POPULATION ALLOCATION

SALARY AND POPULATION ALLOCATION

Table 4.5.1 - Demographics, By Anushka T

Profession

Per-

centageOf

Salary per

year (USD)

Profession

Percentage

Salary per

year (USD)

total pop-

ulation

Administration and Manage-

ment

● Administrators

● Government Officials

● Military Generals

160,000

175,000

60,000

Manufacturing and Production

● 3D Printing Specialists

● Manufacturing Techni-

cians

65,000

55,000

Scientists

● Biologists

● Physicists

● Astronomers

20%

160,000

140,000

120,000

Education

● Teachers

● Instructors

● Education Administra-

tors

60,000

20,000

50,000

Engineers

● Aerospace

● Mechanical

● Electrical

● Structural

● Material

20%

160,000

120,000

150,000

110,000

Art and Entertainment

● Artists

● Musicians

● Entertainers

● Event Organisers

100,000

50,000

60,000

100,000

Healthcare and Medicine

● Doctors

● Nurses

● Pharmacists

● Medical Researchers

10%

300,000

100,000

250,000

Construction and Maintenance

● Construction Workers

● Maintenance Techni-

cians

10%

50,000

100,000

Food Production

● Agricultural Special-

ists

● Hydroponic Farmers

● Food Scientists

150,000

100,000

200,000

250,000

Security and Safety

● Security Personnel

● Emergency Response

Teams

● Safety Inspectors

70,000

100,000

50,000

Technology and IT

● Software Engineers

● Network administra-

tors

● IT Specialists

10%

200,000

150,000

200,000

Transportation

● Pilot

● Shuttle Operators

● Logistics Coordinators

100,000

50,000

150,000

Finance

● Bankers

● Economists

● Finance Analysts

100,000

150,000

Tourism

● Space Excursion Lead-

ers

● Adventure Specialists

180,000

150,000

Note that the batches begin with the working professionals working on the essential feature for the establishment of the settle-

ment. Gradually the workers move onto research maintenance and upgrade task.

5.0 AUTOMATION DESIGN AND SERVICES

5.1 CONSTRUCTION AUTOMATION

5.1.1 ECR - EXTERNAL CONSTRUCTION ROBOT

1. The external construction bot will feature multiple functional legs to aid con-

struction tasks.

2. It includes a dedicated section for storing materials, facilitating easy access

and organization during construction projects.

3. Equipped with a processing unit, the bot can be controlled remotely from a

centralized location, streamlining operation and oversight.

4. Upon completion of its construction duties, the bot is slated to be repurposed

as an external repair bot, extending its utility beyond initial construction projects.

QUANTITY - 300

Fig 5.1.1.1 - ECR Aakash Z, Fusion 360

5.1.2 ICR - INTERNAL CONSTRUCTION ROBOT

1.Specialized in house construction, the internal construction bot streamlines

diverse tasks involved in building residential structures.

2. Its multiple-function arms ensure flexibility and efficiency in executing

various construction processes.

3.The bot adjusts its height with a scissor jack module to access different

construction areas.

4.Featuring a dedicated storage area, materials are conveniently organized

for easy access during tasks.

5.Remote control capability via a processing unit enhances operational over-

sight.

6.Post-construction, the bot transitions to an internal furnishing role, extend-

ing its utility. QUANTITY -3733

Fig 5.1.2.1 - ECR Aakash Z, Fusion 360

5.1.3 IFR - INTERNAL FURNISHING ROBOT

1. Repurposed from the internal construction robot (ICR), the internal

furnishing robot offers a sustainable approach to its utilization.

2. Specifically designed with multiple arms, it efficiently handles all as-

pects of interior house furnishing, ensuring precision and effectiveness.

2. With dedicated storage compartments, the robot optimizes material

organization and accessibility during furnishing.

3. After completing interior furnishing projects, it transitions to a clean-

ing robot, maximizing versatility and extending its operational lifespan.

QUANTITY -3733(REPURPOSED)

Fig 5.1.3.1, IFR, Aakash Z, Fusion 360

5.2 AUTOMATION SYSTEMS FOR SETTLEMENT

Table 5.2.1 Automation for Repair and Maintenance

BOT NAME

IMAGE

FUNCTION

External Repair

Robot

Fig 5.2.1 ERR, Aakash Z, Fusion 360

QUANTITY - 300

• Repurposed from the external construction bot,

the external repair bot serves a vital role in

emergencies.

• Utilised during solar flares and other emergen-

cies, it deploys its multiple function legs to pro-

vide necessary repair tools.

• Commands are issued through its processing

unit, ensuring efficient and precise repair oper-

ations.

• We will be using electro protect to protect the

bot from damage during solar flare activity.

Repair And

Maintenance

Fig 5.2.2 MRO, Aakash Z, Fusion 360

QUANTITY- 3733

• The indoor repair and maintenance bot tackles

settlement repairs efficiently with its multiple-

function arms.

• Its robotic legs ensure adequate indoor mobil-

ity, facilitating navigation.

• Integrated proximity and visual sensors enable

accurate and precise task performance.

5.2.2 JIG SYSTEMS

ASSEMBLY JIGS

Assembly jig can hold support and locate the workpiece to guide one

or more tools or process operations

Fig 5.2.3, Assembly Jig, Aakash Z, Fusion 360

CLAMP JIGS

Clamp jigs hold panel(s) together to perform operations on different parts

during construction.

Fig 5.2.4 Clamp Jig, Aakash Z, Fusion 360

5.2.3 HUMAN INTERVENTION DURING EMERGENCY AND ALERTS

Emergency

Human Intervention and Protocol

Alerts

Fire

If extinguisher automation fails, humans will

order an evacuation of a sector, isolate and

depressurize it.

Red Flashing Lights and Red

Alert on Watch

Data Corruption/Hacking

If the system cannot handle the attack by it-

self, humans will physically isolate the

server, and engineers can fix the hack/data

loss from the redundant servers.

Light Blue alert on watch of

certain personnel

Robot Malfunction

Personnel will control the robots through VR

Yellow Alert on Watch of se-

lect personnel

Communication Failure / Breach

Manual Override for external communica-

tions/shut down of external communications

Purple Lights for overall breach

and purple alert on watch

5.2.4 CONTROL CENTRES

Fig 5.2.4.1 Control Centre by Ananya P on Procre

5.2.5 ACCESS LEVELS

Fig 5.2.4.2 Access Levels Aryaman D, Canva Fig 5.2.4.3 Columbiat Hierarchy, Sharvil S, Canva

5.3 COMMUNITY AUTOMATION

5.3.1 COMMUNITY AUTOMATION TABLE

Table 5.3.1.1

BOT NAME

IMAGE

FUNCTIONS

Cleaning And Household Bot

(Fig 5.3.1.2, Cleaning Bot,

Aakash Z, Fusion 360)

QUANTITY-3733

(REPURPOSED)

● Repurposed from the internal furnish-

ing bot, the cleaning bot extends its

role to maintain settlement hygiene.

● After furnishing tasks, it seamlessly

transitions to cleaning houses, aiding

in maintenance efforts.

● With vacuum-equipped cleaning sys-

tems, the bot efficiently cleans

throughout the settlement.

● Control is facilitated via smart wrist-

bands, ensuring convenient operation

for all individuals

Smart Wristband - Simba

(Fig 5.3.1.3, Simba, Aakash

Z, Fusion 360)

● The smart wristband controls personal

and community automa and aids com-

munication.

● Featuring a language translator, it

breaks language barriers for enhanced

communication.

● During evacuations, it projects essen-

tial information via holograms.

QUANTITY-50000

COMPANION BOT

(Fig 5.3.1.4 Companion Bot,

Aakash Z , Fusion 360)

QUANTITY- 5000

● The companion bot serves as a tool for

human interaction, offering emotional

support.

● Humans can engage with the bot for

companionship and emotional uplift-

ment.

● Through interactions, the bot aims to

uplift and support humans emotion-

ally.

DELIVERY BOT

(Fig 5.3.1.5 Food delivery

Bot, Aakash Z , Fusion 360)

QUANTITY-560

● The food delivery bot facilitates home

delivery of food to residents.

● It incorporates temperature-controlled

storage sections to maintain food

freshness during transit.

● Control of the bot is managed through

the smart wristband provided to all res-

idents.

5.3.2 ENCRYPTION AND PRIVACY OF DATA

Current RSA encryption will not be used as future quantum computers may be able to decrypt RSA-encrypted data.

A lattice-based encryption model generates a unique pair of vectors known only to the sender and recipient, which are used to en-

crypt and decrypt messages.

This encryption method will be used to encrypt stored data and all communication (both internal - within the settlement and external

- with external entities)

5.3.3 DATA REDUNDANCY

Columbiat will use Reed-Solomon error correction codes.

The Reed-Solomon algorithm adds extra "check" symbols to a data block. These check symbols are calculated based on the values

of the data symbols and allow the receiver to detect and correct a certain number of errors that may occur during transmission.

5.3.4 NETWORK DIAGRAM

Fig 5.3.3.1 Network Diagram, Aryaman D , Canva

5.3.5 SERVER SPECIFICATIONS

Our ambitious storage system boasts an impressive 500 (Petabytes) of storage, with 250 PB in the port module and 125 PB in the

tourism and residential modules. We will be utilizing the advanced NVMe(Non et al.) M.2 SSDs(Solid State Drives) are our stor-

age disks.

● Dimensions of 1PB M.2 SSD - 3 cm x 0.5 cm x 0.3 cm

● We will have a server rack of 5 racks in the tourism and residential modules.

● Each rack will be a rectangle with 25 1PB SSD disks.

● There will be a gap of 5cm between each rack.

● Dimensions of the server rack are 37.5cm (height) by 37.5 cm2 (cross-sectional rectangular area)

● For the port module, we will have ten racks.

● Each rack will be a rectangle with 50 1PB SSD disks.

● There will be a gap of 5cm between each rack.

● Dimensions - 53cm height by 75 cm2 (Cross-sectional rectangular area).

5.4 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT

Storage and transportation of cargo

Exoskeleton for cassscs - a retractable exoskeleton is placed on each

case. The exoskeleton has features such as latches and magnets in spe-

cific locations for easy storage and transportation.

Robotic arms on track- there will be x number of tracks having xy num-

ber of flexible robotic arms of yz material. This arm consists of - The

arm's body

Fig 5.4.1 Inventory Management, Aakash Z, Fusion360

The tip- the attachment at the end of the arm body that places and grips onto the exoskeleton.

The internal walls have latches to hold the first layer of CASSSCs via the exoskeleton. The consecutive layers will directly attach to the prior

layer of exoskeletons.

5.5 COMPUTING CENTRES & COMMUNICATION

5.5.1 COMPUTING CENTRE

Refer to the Computing Centre mentioned in fig 5.3.5 (Network Diagram)

5.5.2 INTERCOMPANY/ INTRACOMPANY AND CORPORATE COMMUNICATION

• Refer to Communications (Internal and External)

• For corporate/ intercompany and intracompany communications, we will use the same internal and external communication systems.

• Refer to Encryption for how Columbiat will encrypt all communication lines.

• Corporate Internal Communication will occur within the settlement using LiFi modulators and routers, while Corporate External

Communications will occur via the DSOC (Deep space optical communication) system.

6.0 SCHEDULE AND COST

6.0.1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

• By Phase - 1, 33% of the estimated population will have moved in. They will mainly be engineering, science, technology,

and IT workers.

• By Phase - 2, 66% of the estimated population will have moved in. They will mainly comprise healthcare, medicine and

food production workers, and during the second month, the administrators will have started arriving, too.

• By Phase 3, the business and tourist departments will have been established, and the settlement will have reached its maxi-

mum occupancy limited

FIG 6.0.1 Schedule of Columbiat by Partiv G on Excel

6.0.2 COST

Table 6.2.1 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

COST

Meteorite Shielding

$32,76,07,600

Structural Build

$1,234,800,000

Radiation Protection

$504,000

Adhesive

$3,906,000

Total

$1,566,817,600

FIXED COST

COST

Interior Development

$800,000,000,000

3D Printing

$1,500,000,000

Manufacturing units

$245,000,000,000

Personnel recruitment & staff training

$30,000,000,000

Tourism

$1,200,000,000,000

Port

$1,500,000,000,000

Military

$900,000,000,000

Space Elevator

$6,000,000,000

Miscellaneous costs*

$849,250,000,000

TOTAL

$8,159,250,000,000

Table 6.2.3 PRODUCTS

PRODUCTS

COST

Maintenance

$50,000,000,000

Essential transport

$3,000,000,000

People transport

$5,000,000,000

Settlement repairs

$800,000,000,000

Salaries

$15,000,000,000

TOTAL

$900,000,000,000

* note that miscellaneous costs account for a 10% surplus cost from each department

Table 6.2.4 ANNUAL OPERATIONAL COST

AUTOMATION

COST

Internal Construction Bot

$250,000,000.00

Internal Furnishing Bot

$12,000,000.00

External Construction Bot

$300,000,000.00

Repair and Maintenance Bot

$600,000,000.00

Assembly Jigs

$200,000,000.00

Clamp Jigs

$120,000,000.00

Server Maintenance

$12,000,000.00

Bot Maintenance Employee Salary

$1,000,000.00

Control Room Equipment

$30,000,000.00

Control Room Employee Salary

$8,100,000.00

Server

$67,500,000.00

Bot maintenance

$30,000,000.00

TOTAL

$1,630,600,000

7.0 BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

7.1 PORT FACILITIES

1. The docking cylinder will have 16 docks (8 docks on each side ring). (Ships will dock here; repair and refuelling will be

done externally on the ships)

a. The dock consists of two major components-

2. The docking port

3. The extendable boarding bridge

4. Cylinder—The cylinder is the main component of the port. It facilitates all transportation and storage with external par-

ties. The cylinder has a central axis running horizontally through it, and the central portion is swollen and spherical.

a. There are 2 major systems to accommodate transportation and storage, and their components are -

5. Human transportation

a. Retractable spokes - there will be 4 spokes that run to the docking ports and then to the terminal via the central

sphere and central axis. Each Spoke will comprise 2 rigid bodies with a flexible Silicon Buckystructure Fabric.

(Like a bus connector)

6. Storage and transportation of cargo

7. Exoskeleton for CASSSCs—Each case has a retractable exoskeleton with features such as latches and magnets in specific

locations for easy storage and transportation.

8. Robotic arms on track- there will be 8 tracks having 2 flexible robotic arms per track. This arm consists of -

9. The arm body

10. The tip- the attachment at the end of the arm body that places and grips onto the exoskeleton.

11. The internal walls of the cylinder (excluding the docking ring portions) have latches to hold the first layer of CASSSCs

via the exoskeleton. [The storage cylinder inventory can be considered to have columns in which CASSSCs will be placed

over the other]

a. The consecutive layers will directly attach to the prior exoskeleton layer via magnets and physical latches. [The

exoskeleton is automated and has sensors which will help it latch onto consecutive CASSSCs]

b. Iv. To remove a CASSSC placed behind multiple CASSSCs in its column, one robotic arm on a track will remove

all CASSSCs in front of it, and then the other arm can detach the CASSSC in question.

12. Terminal - It consists of 2 torus arcs on one side of the cylinder on the central axis. [Another side will be the cargo mod-

ule] It will house people in transit and have a shuttle system to move people between the 3 other structures comprising

Columbiat.

a. Custom and security clearance will be done here.

b. The shuttle system—Each shuttle has a capacity of 250 people (excluding the goods that might need to be trans-

ported) and will offer a variety of panoramic views.

13. Cargo Terminal is the cylindrical extension on the right of the cylinder module. It will hold CASSSCs, which are to be

transferred between modules. The CASSSCs will be removed from their inventory locations by the robotic arm, and they

will be placed into an exoskeleton present in a slit in the central column. This slit will house a CASSSC exoskeleton

transport system - which will take CASSSCs between the cylinder and the cargo terminal. The CASSSCs will be trans-

ported independently via the exoskeleton in a chain-like manner by the lead compartment.

Docking flow chart for a crewed freighter

Fig 7.1.1 Docking Process, Aarav J, Canva

Incoming Procedure

1 The ship will arrive near the doThey are placed in the inventory grid.

Incoming Procedure -

1. The ship will arrive near the docking structure and be pulled in by a tug.

2. Once docked, a spoke will extend internally towards the dock, and the crew will deboard and be taken to the central unit

via a shuttle.

a. The passengers will then be taken to the terminal via a shuttle(Central Unit ←→ Terminal)

3. The cargo(in the form of CASSSCs) will then be taken out via the robotic arm and

a. Note - this inventory grid will span the internal surface of the sphere except the docking ring.

b. The robotic arm will send the cargo to other modules to a part of the central sphere.

c. It will then be taken to the cargo terminal for further transport. IV. The empty ship now undergoes refuelling or

repair if needed.

Outgoing Procedure

1. People board via the shuttle through the spoke.

2. The robotic arm loads cargo (in the form of CASSSCs) on the ship.

3. A tug escorts the ship to a safe distance.

4. The ship then departs the docking structure and be pulled in by a tug.

a. Once docked, a spoke will extend towards the

b. Docking internally, and the crew will deboard and be taken to the central unit via a shuttle

c. The passengers will then be taken to the terminal via a shuttle (Central Unit ←→ Terminal)

d. The cargo (in the form of CASSSCs) will then be taken out via the robotic arm.

A Note - this inventory grid will span the internal surface of the sphere except the docking ring.

The cargo which is to be taken to other modules will be sent by the robotic arm to a part of the central sphere.

It will then be taken to the cargo terminal for further transport.

he empty ship now undergoes refueling or repair if needed.

fig 7.1.2 - Port, By Anushka T on Canva

SECURITY

a. Ships will be screened once they dock. (Before people and cargo are deboarded). This will involve screening the entire

ship and its cargo. (This will be done externally - process to be developed)

b. People will be screened once they enter the terminal.

CUSTOMS

a. People will be asked to declare their goods according to the rules. (Laws regarding this will be added.)

b. Once the cargo is screened (the process mentioned above), if any shipment infringes the rules, it will be kept separately,

and law enforcement will question the owner.

7.2 REVENUE FROM PORT FACILITIES

The 2 cylinders will have a combined capacity of 5000 CASSSCs

STORING

Storage of CASSSCs will give us an earning of $13.29billion

35 CASSSCs per ship (*note that these numbers are subject to 10% variation)

● Per day - $0.612million per CASSSC per day

● Per week - $9.66million per CASSSC per week

● Per month - $41.4 million per CASSSC per month

EMBASSIES

An auction will be held for 25 seats every year. Columbiat aims to earn $2.215 billion through embassies yearly. This auction will raise de-

mand and awareness of the settlement for potential investors.

1. Repair Refuel

a. $14.4billion

i. Columbiat has 369 ships in transit per month - thus, each ship will be paying around

$39 million for its repair and refuel services that Columbiat offer

1. Module (Tourism and Commerce) - $23.04 billion

a. Rent from office spaces - $15.3 billion - Area of office spaces required for further calculations

b. Amusement park entry ticket services $5.1 bill

c. Restaurants - $2.04 bil

d. Renting Space suites - $0.51 bil [As Columbiat have 5000 people per day - thus each space suit will cost around 3400 to

rent]

2. Residential Arcs - ($15.36bil)

a. Rent for residential spaces [$12.8bil] - area of residential spaces required for further calculations

b. Revenue from Restaurants + Cafeterias [$2.56bil] Columbiat will generate a revenue of $120 billion.

This will enable us to break even on our expenditure (construction cost + yearly maintenance cost) in 4.3 years.

*note that these numbers are subject to a 10% variation

7.3 BANKING

An average of $9.6 billion in revenue generated per month (*note that these numbers are subject to 10% variation)

Banks act as intermediaries between lenders and borrowers. They pay depositors back at a lower interest rate than they

receive from borrowers.

Transferring and processing monetary transactions, The bank will get a commission per transaction.

Issuing online credit and debit methods for user transactions (like Apple Pay) (credit methods will earn us money

through commission on goods. People who cannot pay any credit on time must pay the credit with a compound interest

rate of 2% monthly.

The banks will provide a bank guarantee to assist with any significant transactions. The bank will pay the seller if the

buyer fails to pay. The bank pays the fixed amount as per the contract. The buyer has to pay the bank 10% of the trans-

action value beforehand as a security measure. The bank will have the right to recover the money paid from the buyer

later on. If the buyer pays the seller the entire money as per the contract, it will result in profit for the bank.

The bank will invest in the stock market and various companies to increase its profit and also guarantee any returns with

interest.

The following are the initial interest rates for

1. Housing - 10%

2. Business - 12.5%

3. Personal loan - 5%

These will change over time with the economic and market situations.

STOCK EXCHANGE

The stock market will be a crucial part of improving the economy for the settlement. The stock market will have no

connections with terrestrial companies at the settlement. Any businesses starting on the settlement, small scale or

large scale, will be recommended to be listed on the stock market immediately. An employee of a particular company

in the settlement will not be legally granted the right to invest in the company. If done so, action will be taken by the

court of law. No subcontractors will be listed in the stock market.

The stock market will work on the usual demand-supply of the companies in the stock market.

0G RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES

1. Web Swing - Web shooters shoot high tensile polyester filament tubes internally coated with super glue to swing from one

point to another.

2. Spider Crawl - Spider-like giant legs extending from the back, using vacuum seals to stick to the outer walls of the settle-

ment and crawl.

3. Telescope Observatory - Stargazing views of asteroids with telescopes from oversized windows.

4. Zero Gravity Sports Centre - Sports played on earth mimicked in 0g

5. Tube Racing - A circular track wherein residents race against one another in inflatable tubes

6. 3D Capture the Flag - Played in 0g, this game has various heightened platforms for players to jump from one to the

7.4 LAW AND GOVERNANCE

7.3.1 LAW

A book similar to the constitution will be drafted upon the start of the smooth functioning of the settlement. A select

lawyer or lawyers will be thoroughly screened to ensure he is unbiased and fit to be the judge. The penalties for felo-

nies will be allotted in the constitution. Amendments can be made to the constitution by the mayor and his colleagues

which will run the settlement. There will be a computer system for space property records. The trials will be held

virtually and if necessary or chosen, there will be a physical court present in the module. There will be no hierarchy of

courts in the settlement.

7.3.2 GOVERNANCE

It will be a democratic system. Elections will be held every 4 years. Anyone deemed fit to be a leader by an unbiased

body can enter the election. No one after the age of 50 will be allowed to participate in the elections. Everyone above

the age of 18 will be allowed to vote. Elections will take place online on everybody’s smartphones. A mayor will be

elected by the masses. He will be helped by a committee of 10 people selected by him. Separate offices will be there

for the Mayor, the City Council and the Police and staff. There will be a control centre for Columbiat’s captain and

crew.

7.3.3 TAX

There will be a 5% indirect tax imposed on all goods and services bought by a citizen. Corporate companies with

revenue over 2 billion will pay direct taxes to the government of 15%.

7.4.4 GARRISON AND POLICE

The garrison will house American troops in barracks and store weapons. The facilities in the garrisons will

include- barracks, training areas, training rooms, a park, an eatery and an arsenal. The soldier to civilian ratio

in the settlement will be 1:40.

This module will house the police for the settlement too. The police on Columbiat will have similar functions

as that on Earth. They will - prevent, deter and detect crime, help make Columbiat a safe space of living, they

will be notified about any crime scenes on their SIMBA, the police will manage and be in charge of the space

records maintained in the settlement. The police will have bots supporting them. These bots will be repur-

posed by the maintenance bot. The garrison and weapon storage will be located in module 3.

APPENDIX A: BATCHES

Note that the batches begin with the working professionals working on the essential feature for the establishment of the settlement.

Gradually the workers move onto research maintenance and upgrade tasks.

Appendix Table 1

Batch

No.

Professions

Total

Count

Construction Phase

● Engineers

● Construction and Maintenance

● Food Production

● transportation

38%

Before Docking Module is constructed

● Manufacturing and Production

● Healthcare and Medicine

● Security and Safety

18%

After Docking Module is constructed

● Scientists

● Finance

● Technology and IT

35%

As soon as the Residential module starts functioning

● Administration and Management

● Tourist Service Providers

● Art and Entertainment

● Education

After the Construction of Tourism and Government

Module

Batch Allocations

Batch 1

Engineering:

● Designing Space Infrastructure: Engineers are pivotal in designing and developing the infrastructure necessary for space

settlements. They create spacecraft, habitats, life support systems, and various technologies required for survival and

comfort in space.

● Innovation and Problem-Solving: Engineers invent new ways to adapt existing technology for use in space and to over-

come problems unique to the space environment, such as microgravity, radiation, and severe temperatures.

Construction and Maintenance:

● Building and Upkeeping Structures: Construction experts build habitats and other structures in space settlements, ensur-

ing they are durable and functional in harsh space condition

Repair and Maintenance: The settlement's survival depends on continuous care. Maintenance specialists guarantee that

equipment, life support systems, and structures continue to function properly.

Food Production:

● Sustaining Life: Food production specialists develop methods for growing food in space, including fogponics and other

innovative techniques, to provide sustenance for settlers.

● Self-Sufficiency: Producing food locally decreases reliance on Earth for supplies, assuring the settlement's long-term

viability.

Transportation:

● Supply Chain and Logistics: Transportation experts oversee the logistics of moving resources, equipment, and people to

and from space settlements. This includes managing spaceships, routes, and cargo to assure the settlement's continued

operation..

● Mobility and Exploration: Transportation systems are essential for movement within space settlements as well as mis-

sions or exploration beyond the settlement.

Collectively, these fields enable the establishment and continuous functioning of space settlements by providing the

necessary infrastructure, sustenance, and logistics for life in the challenging environment of space.

Batch 2

Manufacturing and Production:

● Self-Sustainability: Space settlements strive for self-sufficiency. Manufacturing in space

enables the manufacturing of tools, spare parts, and equipment required for colony

maintenance and expansion without relying completely on imports from Earth.

● Resource Utilisation: Utilising resources available on celestial bodies (like the Moon or Mars)

for manufacturing reduces dependence on Earth's resources. 3D printing and other advanced

manufacturing techniques are explored to enable on-site production.

Healthcare and Medicine:

● Space Medicine: Unique health challenges arise in space due to microgravity, radiation, and

confinement. Advanced medical facilities and expertise are necessary to address these

challenges, treat injuries, manage illness, and conduct research on the effects of space on the

human body.

● Life Support Systems: Healthcare extends to life support systems that ensure the well-being of

astronauts and dwellers in closed-loop environments by preserving air quality, water purity,

and waste management.

Security and Safety:

● Protection from Hazards: Radiation, micrometeoroids, and other dangers pose risks to space

settlements. Implementing security measures entails protecting against these threats in order to

secure the safety of the residents.

● Emergency Response: Systems and protocols need to be in place for emergencies such as

fires, equipment failures, or medical crises. Establishing safety measures and evacuation

protocols is critical.

Overall, these sectors are crucial in creating a sustainable and safe environment for habitation in space. They

facilitate the development of technology, infrastructure, and protocols necessary to sustain life, maintain health,

and ensure the safety of inhabitants in the unique and challenging conditions of space settlements.

Batch 3

Scientists:

● Research and Exploration: Scientists spearhead research efforts in space settlements,

examining celestial bodies, performing experiments in weightless environments, and

furthering our grasp of the universe.

● Innovation: They contribute to developing new technologies, materials, and processes that are

vital for sustaining life and enabling exploration in space.

Finance:

● Funding and Resource Management: Finance professionals play a key role in securing funding

for space missions and settlements. They manage budgets, allocate resources, and ensure

financial sustainability for long-term projects.

● Economic Viability: Assessing the economic viability of space settlements is crucial.

Analysing the cost-benefit aspects and potential commercial opportunities in space is part of

their role.

Technology and IT:

● Infrastructure Development: Technology experts and IT professionals build and maintain the

infrastructure necessary for communication, data processing, and connectivity in space

settlements.

● Innovation and Adaptation: They develop and adapt technology to suit the unique challenges

of space environments, ensuring that systems work efficiently and securely.

In summary, scientists drive exploration and innovation, finance professionals ensure funding and economic

viability, while technology and IT experts develop and maintain the infrastructure necessary for communication,

data handling, and adaptation of technology to the space environment. These roles collectively contribute to the

success, sustainability, and advancement of space settlements.

Batch 4

Administration and Management:

● Governance: Administration and management support the settlement's seamless operation by

creating rules and regulations and managing day-to-day operations.

● Coordination and Planning: They oversee resource allocation, logistics, and long-term

planning for the settlement's growth and development.

Tourist Service Providers:

● Economic Diversification: As space tourism grows, service providers cater to tourists, offering

accommodation, transportation, leisure activities, and experiences in the unique environment

of space settlements.

● Hospitality and Experience: These providers enhance the experience for visitors, offering

guidance, entertainment, and services tailored to space tourists.

Art and Entertainment:

● Well-being and Culture: Art and entertainment contribute to the mental well-being of settlers.

They provide recreational activities, artistic expression, and cultural events that enhance the

quality of life in the settlement.

● Community Building: Art and entertainment help build a sense of community and identity

among settlers, fostering social connections and a shared experience.

Education:

● Learning and Knowledge: Education remains vital in space settlements for the continuous

advancement of knowledge. Schools and educational programs ensure that the next generation

is equipped with skills and knowledge relevant to life in space.

● Research and Development: Educational institutions also play a role in research and

development, contributing to the ongoing innovation and adaptation required for sustainability

in space.

In essence, these roles are essential for the social, economic, and cultural aspects of space settlements. They

contribute to the well-being of inhabitants, support economic growth through tourism, and ensure the passing on

of knowledge and culture to future generations living in these extraordinary environments.

APPENDIX B: REFERENCES

● https://www.architecturaldigest.com/reviews/solar/how-much-power-does-a-solar-panel-produce#:~:tex t=So-

lar%20panels%20are%20rated%20by,kilowatts%20(kW)%20of%20power.

● nasa.gov/directorates/esdmd/hhp/space-suits-and-exploration-operations/

● https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/esdmd/hhp/space-radiation/

● https://www.nasa.gov/general/radiation-protection-and-architecture-utilizing-high-temperature-superco nducting-mag-

nets-2/

● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weightlessness

● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_medicine

● https://www.britannica.com/science/medicine

● Providing optimized growth through fogponics and AI (verticalfarmdaily.com)

● Aeroponics, Fogponics In Greenhouse Farming - Koolfog

● Crop Yields - Our World in Data

● Back to Basics: What Is a Bank? - International Monetary FundInternational Monetary Fundhttps://www.imf.org › ex-

ternal › pubs › fandd › 2012/03

● What Is A Bank And How Does It Work?Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com › advisor › how-do-banks-work

● Watch Money, Explained | Netflix Oﬃcial SiteNetflixhttps://www.netflix.com › title

● Space InsuranceAXA XLhttps://axaxl.com › insurance › products › space-insur…

● Space riskLloyd's of Londonhttps://www.lloyds.com › our-market › what-we-insure

● What Is Stock Market? How Does It Work? - ForbesForbeshttps://www.forbes.com › advisor › investing

› what-is-st…

● Explained | The Stock Market | FULL EPISODE | Netflix

● How The Stock Exchange Works (For Dummies)

● Banking Explained

APPENDIX C: COMPLIANCE MATRIX

MINIMUM RE-

QUIREMENT

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

2.1

Description of hull materials and design.

2.2

Overall map or layout of interior land areas, showing usage of those areas.

2.3

Drawing(s) showing at least nine steps of settlement assembly.

7,8

2.4

Specify business functions assigned to each to the three structures.

2.5

show changes to the original structure as functions are moved to the

second, and changes to the second structure as functions are moved to the third.

3.1

table identifying types, amounts, and sources of construction materials.

9,10

3.2

specify CASSSC-loads and delivery schedule required for commodities.

10,14,20

3.3

drawing(s) of construction jigs, and how they are assembled on-site.

21,28,29

3.4

show location(s) of ferry terminal(s) at each Columbiat structure.

3.5

list when facilities will be available for each anticipated business tenant to

move into Columbiat and start operating there

4.1

map(s) of overall community design, including locations of amenities and

services; specify numbers and types of restaurants, stores, and other community ser-

vices.

4.2

external drawing and interior floor plan of at least six home designs, the

area (preferably in square feet) for each residence design, and the number required of

each design.

4.3

describe accommodations for evacuees from a compromised volume.

4.4

floor plans of arrival / departure areas and public areas of hotels, e.g.,

lobby, restaurant(s), and shop(s).

4.5

list demographics of populations, e.g., office workers or maintenance staff.

5.1

drawings showing automated construction and assembly devices--both for

exterior and interior applications (e.g., homes)--and illustrating how they operate.

5.2

chart or table listing anticipated automation requirements for operation of

the settlement, and identifying particular systems and robots to meet each automation

need.

28,30,31

5.3

define features of robots and computing systems that people will encounter

in Columbiat, and diagram(s) of network(s) and bandwidth requirements to enable con-

nectivity.

30,31,32

5.4

illustration, chart, or matrix showing inventory management system; and

illustration of automated unloading/loading system(s).

5.5

describe differences between systems providing connectivity between

company offices at Columbiat and other corporate locations.

15,34

6.1

Gantt chart showing durations and completion dates of major tasks, with

increments no larger than monthly.

6.2

spreadsheet(s) listing separate costs associated with different phases of

construction, and Subcontractor contracts required to be arranged by the Customer

36,37